By Dr Riaan Steenberg

Outline

Contents

I. Introduction [1](#introduction)

II. Comparing classical management and alchemy [1](#comparing-classical-management-and-alchemy)

A. Calcination [2](#calcination)

B. Dissolution [2](#dissolution)

C. Separation [2](#separation)

D. Conjunction [2](#conjunction)

E. Fermentation [2](#fermentation)

F. Distillation [2](#distillation)

G. Coagulation [2](#coagulation)

III. Conclusion [2](#conclusion)

Introduction

Entrepreneurship and managerialism are not parsimonious in the literature of either discipline. The evolution of the definition of entrepreneurship has posited a dichotomy between managers as achievers of organizational goals and management as the planning, organizing, leading and controlling of the resources of an organisation. Ironically one of the first books on management was about how to be a householder namely Beeton's Book of Household Management published in 1861 (Engwall, Kipping, & Üsdiken, 2016), while entrepreneurship is derived from a combination of two words "entre" which implies the way that you enter something and "prende" which means to seize or to take.

There is an increasing awareness that management is a trans disciplinary endeavor that can draw on insights from other disciplines and practices. The author specifically researched the Entrepreneurial Spirit as an essential element in the development of an integrated framework that explains the necessary requirements to be an effective entrepreneur. The conclusion of this research outlined that the entrepreneurial spirit itself requires the entrepreneur to have vision, faith, persistence and

Comparing classical management and alchemy

The spiritual dimension of being an entrepreneur

Calcination

Dissolution

Separation

Conjunction

Fermentation

Distillation

Coagulation

Conclusion